Hari ibyiciro bine by'ingenzi by'ubugororangingo bw'amaso—emmetropia, myopia, hyperopia, na astigmatism.
Emmetropia ni uburyo bwiza bwo kureba. Ijisho riba rimaze gukurura urumuri kuri retina kandi ntirisaba gukosora indorerwamo.
Myopia izwi cyane nka "near-taking". Ibaho iyo ijisho ribaye rirebire cyane, bigatuma urumuri rwibanda imbere ya retina.
Kugira ngo akosore ikibazo cy’indwara ya myopia, muganga w’amaso azakwandikira indorerwamo zo mu maso (-X.XX). Izi ndorerwamo zo mu maso zisubiza inyuma aho umuntu yibanda ku maso kugira ngo zijyane neza na retina.
Myopia ni yo ndwara ikunze kugaragara cyane mu bantu bo muri iki gihe. Mu by’ukuri, ifatwa nk’icyorezo ku isi yose, kuko abantu benshi basanzwe barwara iki kibazo buri mwaka.
Aba bantu bashobora kubona ibintu neza hafi, ariko ibintu biri kure bisa n'aho bitagaragara neza.
Ku bana, ushobora kubona umwana agora gusoma ikibaho ku ishuri, afite ibikoresho byo gusoma (terefone zigendanwa, ibitabo, iPad, nibindi) hafi y’amasura ye, yicaye hafi cyane ya televiziyo kubera ko “atabona”, cyangwa se akina amaso cyane cyangwa akinagura amaso ye.
Ku rundi ruhande, hyperopia ibaho iyo umuntu ashobora kureba kure cyane, ariko ashobora kugorwa no kubona ibintu hafi.
Bimwe mu bibazo bikunze kugaragara ku bantu bafite indwara ya hyperope mu by’ukuri si uko batabona, ahubwo ni uko barwara umutwe nyuma yo gusoma cyangwa gukora akazi ka mudasobwa, cyangwa ko amaso yabo akunze kumva ananiwe cyangwa ananiwe.
Hyperopia iba iyo ijisho rigufi cyane. Kubwibyo, urumuri rwibanda gato inyuma ya retina.
Mu kureba neza, ishusho iba yibanda cyane ku buso bwa retina. Mu kureba kure (hyperopia), cornea yawe ntirekura urumuri neza, bityo aho ireba iba inyuma ya retina. Ibi bituma ibintu byegeranye bisa n'ibidasobanutse neza.
Kugira ngo bakosore hyperopia, abaganga b'amaso batanga lenses zongereyeho (+X.XX) kugira ngo bazane aho bashyira imbaraga zabo ku mboni neza.
Astigmatisme ni ikindi kintu gitandukanye. Astigmatisme ibaho iyo ubuso bw'imbere bw'ijisho (cornea) butari buzengurutse neza.
Tekereza ku ishusho isanzwe isa n'umukino wa basketball uciwemo kabiri. Ni uruziga rwiza kandi rungana mu mpande zose.
Ishusho y'umukara isa n'igi ritetse riciwemo kabiri. Ishusho imwe ya meridian ni ndende kurusha indi.
Kugira meridians ebyiri zitandukanye z'ijisho bitanga ahantu habiri hatandukanye ho kwibanda. Kubwibyo, hagomba gukorwa lenzi y'indorerwamo kugira ngo ikosore meridians zombi. Iyi miti izaba ifite imibare ibiri. Urugero: 1.00 -0.50 X 180.
Umubare wa mbere ugaragaza imbaraga zikenewe kugira ngo ukosore meridian imwe mu gihe umubare wa kabiri ugaragaza imbaraga zikenewe kugira ngo ukosore meridian yindi. Umubare wa gatatu (X 180) uvuga gusa aho meridian ebyiri ziri (zishobora kuva kuri 0 kugeza kuri 180).
Amaso ameze nk'udupira tw'intoki—nta tubiri duhwanye neza. Turashaka ko ubona ibyiza byawe, bityo hamwe n'uburyo bwinshi bwo gukora lenses dushobora gukorana kugira ngo tubone igisubizo cyiza gihuye n'ibyo ukeneye ku giti cyawe.
Universe ishobora gutanga lense nziza zo gukosora ibibazo by'amaso byavuzwe haruguru. Turakwinginze wibande ku bicuruzwa byacu:www.universeoptical.com/products/