Dukurikije ibipimo by’Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima (OMS), umubare w’abantu barwaye indwara ya myopia nikinini cyanemu bantu bafite amaso adakomeye, kandiifitekugeraedMiliyari 2.6 mu 2020. Myopia yabaye ikibazo gikomeye ku isicyane cyanemuri Aziya. Igipimo cy'indwara ya myopia mu Bushinwa ni 47.1%, hafi kimwe cya kabiri cy'abaturage bose.Bisobanura kimwemuri buri muntu umwe, abantu babiri bareba hafi.
Igipimo cya Myopia mu bihugu bitandukanye
Muri iki gihe,hamwe nakwiyongera gukomeye k'umuvuduko wa myopia, igipimo cyakwambaraIndorerwamo nazo ziyongera uko umwaka utashye.Nk'umwe muriindwara y'umutimaabarwayi, handagufiteyitaye kuri icyo kintusibyoguhagarikaireme ry'indorerwamo iyo utekerejeijishoigishushanyo mbonera cy'imyambarire n'imikorere y'ikirahuri?
Reka twigireho ikintuingenzit kuri iibikoresho bya lens hamwe n'ikimenyetso cyo kugarura urumuri.
Indorerwamo nziza isaba uburinganire,koherezano gusobanukirwa neza.TIndorerwamo ikunze kugaragara cyane muri iki gihe ni umusaruro w'imyaka myinshi yo gushakisha.
| Iterambere ry'ibikoresho bya lens Ibyinshi mu birahuri bya kera byakozwe n'intoki hakoreshejwe ibikoresho karemano nka quartz na kristu. Bitewe n'iterambere ry'ikorwa ry'ibirahuri n'ikoranabuhanga mu nganda, ibikoresho karemano byasimbuwe vuba n'ibirahuri by'urumuri byatangiye gutanga imikorere myinshi. Kuva mu myaka ya 1960 kugeza mu myaka ya 1980, ibikoresho bya resin, byakozwe muri peteroli, byasimbuye ibirahuri kubera imiterere yabyo myiza y'urumuri, uburyo bwo kubitunganya neza no kubikora neza, kandi biba ibikoresho by'ingenzi bya lenti z'indorerwamo kugeza ubu. |
Nk'ibikoresho bikunzwe cyane ku isoko, ibikoresho bya resin bigaragazwa ahanini na resin ya CR-39 yakozwe na PPG, resin ya MR yakozwe na Mitsui,naResin ya KR yakozwe na KOC, Koreya, n'ibindi.
Ibikoresho bya lens bigena imiterere y'urumuri rw'indorerwamo. Imiterere y'urumuri rw'indorerwamo ni igipimo cy'umuvuduko w'urumuri mu cyuma gifunga ugereranije n'umuvuduko w'urumuri mu bikoresho bya lens, bigaragaza ubushobozi bw'urumuri rw'indorerwamo ku rumuri. Muri rusange, uko imiterere y'urumuri rw'indorerwamo iba nini, niko lens iba nto.
Muri iki gihe,Universe Opticalifite igipimo cyo kurekura 1.50, 1.53, 1.56, 1.60, 1.67, 1.74 n'ibindiimbonerahamwe zaKu bijyanye n'ibikoresho, twakomeje ubufatanye bwa hafi na PPG yo muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika na Mitsui Chemical yo mu Buyapani.kimwe naandi masosiyete y’ibikoresho fatizo yagize icyo ageraho.
CR-39 ibikoresho fatizo byaguzwe muri PPG, muri Amerika, bikoreshwa mu gukora lenzi ya refractive index 1.50.Ikundwa cyane ku isoko bkubera ko ifite imiterere ya Abbe iri hejuru, imikorere myiza cyane y'amatara, imikorere y'umutekanonabihendutse cyane.
Lensi ya 1.53 refractive index ikomoka ku bikoresho byihariye, Trivex, nabyo biva muri PPG muri Amerika. Lensi ya Trivex irarwanya cyane ingaruka. Kubera ko zoroshye kurusha lensi zisanzwe, lensi za Trivex zirakora.byiza cyaneAmahitamo y'imyambaro y'abana yo kwambara mu maso, imyenda idafite umugozi, indorerwamo za siporo, imyenda y'umutekano, n'imyambaro y'imikino ngororamubiri.
Hamwe naiterambereIndorerwamo za f, "lens", nk'inyongera nyamukuru y'indorerwamo, ihora ivugururwa kandi ikavugururwa uko ibihe bigenda bihinduka.Isi yoseIkoranabuhanga 1.60, 1.67, 1.74hejuruicyitonderwaIbikoresho fatizo bya lens bikozwe muri MR series ya Mitsui Chemical. Urukurikirane rwa MRni ibikoresho byiza kandi bigezweho, bifite igipimo cyo kugarura urumuri kinini, umubare munini wa Abbe, uburemere buke bwihariye, ubudahangarwa bukomeye n'ibindi byiza.
Iterambere rihoraho ry'ibikoresho bya lensUbushakashatsi n'Iteramberen'ikoranabuhangakongera imbaragaigicuruzwa cya lentisguhanga udushyaiyoniIbikoresho fatizo bya lensgenagutuzaby'ubuziranenge, uburyo bwo kohereza amakuru, ubwumvikane n'ingaruka z'amaso.
Isi yoseoptique yakomeje gukurikiza politiki y'ubufatanye bwungukira kuri bose no kugera ku ntego rusangeTwebwetega amatwi ijwi ry'abakiriya,Menyaumukiriyas'ibyo ukeneye, witondere isokoingeso, bityo nk'ukokugira ngo habeho icyerekezo gisobanutse neza.